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APA Citation Style 7th Edition: C. Email

About Citing

For each type of source in this guide, both the general form and an example will be provided.

The following format will be used:

In-Text Citation (Paraphrase) -entry that appears in the body of your paper when you express the ideas of a researcher or author using your own words.  For more tips on paraphrasing check out The OWL at Purdue.

In-Text Citation (Quotation) -entry that appears in the body of your paper after a direct quote.

References - entry that appears at the end of your paper.

Information on citing and several of the examples were drawn from theAPA Manual (6th ed.).

Email (p. 179)

Emails are not included in the reference list because they do not provide recoverable data.
General Format
In-Text Citation (Paraphrase):
(Sender First Initial. Second Initial. Surname, personal communication, Month Day,
Year)
In-Text Citation (Quotation):
(Sender First Initial. Second Initial. Surname, personal communication, Month Day,
Year)
References:
Not included.
Example
In-Text Citation (Paraphrase):
(L. Hatcher, personal communication, March 27, 2009)
In-Text Citation (Quotation):
(L. Hatcher, personal communication, March 27, 2009)
References:
Not included.
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Eva B. Dykes Library Libguides by Oakwood University is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.